What To Know
- The presence of matrix is not necessarily a sign of lower quality, as it can add visual interest and character to the stone.
- Natural turquoise is usually opaque or translucent, while imitations may be transparent or have a glassy appearance.
- Genuine turquoise has a hardness of 5-6 on the Mohs scale, meaning it can be scratched with a steel file.
Turquoise, with its captivating shades of blue and green, has captivated civilizations for millennia. Its allure lies not only in its beauty but also in its rich history and cultural significance. However, with the prevalence of imitations and treatments, discerning genuine turquoise can be challenging. This comprehensive guide will equip you with the knowledge and techniques to confidently identify turquoise, ensuring you make informed purchases and appreciate the true value of this remarkable gemstone.
1. The Enchanting Color of Turquoise
The color of turquoise is its defining characteristic, ranging from light sky blue to deep, mesmerizing shades of teal. The most prized turquoise exhibits a vibrant, uniform color, free from distracting matrix or inclusions. However, natural turquoise often displays variations in color, influenced by trace elements and the presence of matrix. These variations contribute to the unique charm and character of each turquoise piece.
2. Understanding Turquoise Matrix
Turquoise matrix refers to the host rock or mineral that surrounds or permeates the turquoise. It can manifest in various forms, including veins, streaks, or solid patches. The presence of matrix is not necessarily a sign of lower quality, as it can add visual interest and character to the stone. However, excessive matrix can detract from the overall appearance and value of turquoise.
3. Distinguishing Natural Turquoise from Imitations
Identifying natural turquoise from imitations requires careful observation and knowledge of the gemstone’s unique properties. Here are some key factors to consider:
- Color: Natural turquoise typically exhibits a vibrant, consistent color, while imitations may appear too uniform or overly saturated.
- Matrix: Genuine turquoise often contains matrix, which can vary in color and pattern. Imitations may lack matrix or have artificial matrix added to mimic the natural appearance.
- Texture: Natural turquoise typically has a smooth, waxy texture, while imitations may feel rough or gritty.
- Transparency: Natural turquoise is usually opaque or translucent, while imitations may be transparent or have a glassy appearance.
- Hardness: Genuine turquoise has a hardness of 5-6 on the Mohs scale, meaning it can be scratched with a steel file. Imitations may have different hardness levels.
4. Recognizing Turquoise Treatments
Turquoise has been subjected to various treatments to enhance its appearance and durability. Some common treatments include:
- Stabilization: This process involves impregnating turquoise with polymers or resins to improve its stability and prevent cracking. Stabilized turquoise is generally considered acceptable, as it does not significantly alter the gemstone’s natural properties.
- Color Enhancement: Some turquoise undergoes color enhancement to improve its vibrancy or uniformity. This can be achieved through dyeing, bleaching, or heat treatment. Color-enhanced turquoise is generally less valuable than natural turquoise.
- Imitation Turquoise: Some materials, such as dyed howlite or magnesite, are sold as imitation turquoise. These materials lack the natural beauty and durability of genuine turquoise.
5. Evaluating Turquoise Quality
The quality of turquoise is determined by several factors, including:
- Color: The most desirable turquoise exhibits a vibrant, uniform color with minimal matrix.
- Clarity: Turquoise with few inclusions or blemishes is considered higher quality.
- Cut: The shape and symmetry of the turquoise affect its overall appeal and value.
- Carat Weight: Larger turquoise pieces are generally more valuable, especially if they exhibit exceptional quality.
6. Caring for Turquoise Jewelry
Proper care and maintenance are essential to preserve the beauty and longevity of turquoise jewelry. Here are some tips for caring for turquoise:
- Avoid Harsh Chemicals: Turquoise is sensitive to harsh chemicals, including chlorine, ammonia, and acids. Remove turquoise jewelry before swimming, cleaning, or using harsh chemicals.
- Store Turquoise Properly: Store turquoise jewelry in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight. Avoid storing turquoise with other gemstones, as they may scratch or damage the surface.
- Clean Turquoise Regularly: Clean turquoise jewelry regularly with a soft, damp cloth. Avoid using harsh detergents or ultrasonic cleaners.
7. Ethical Considerations in Turquoise Mining and Trade
Turquoise mining and trade have raised ethical concerns, including environmental impact, labor practices, and fair trade. When purchasing turquoise, consider supporting ethical sources that prioritize sustainable mining practices, fair wages, and transparent supply chains.
Takeaways: Unveiling the True Essence of Turquoise
Turquoise, with its captivating beauty and rich history, continues to captivate hearts and minds. By understanding the unique characteristics, treatments, and quality factors of turquoise, you can confidently identify and appreciate the true essence of this timeless gem. Whether adorning a piece of jewelry or admired as a collector’s item, turquoise remains a symbol of beauty, wisdom, and enduring allure.
Answers to Your Questions
1. How can I tell if turquoise is real or fake?
Examine the color, matrix, texture, transparency, and hardness of the stone. Genuine turquoise typically exhibits a vibrant, consistent color, natural matrix, smooth texture, opacity or translucency, and a hardness of 5-6 on the Mohs scale.
2. What are the different types of turquoise treatments?
Common turquoise treatments include stabilization, color enhancement, and imitation. Stabilization involves impregnating turquoise with polymers or resins to improve its stability. Color enhancement aims to improve the vibrancy or uniformity of the color through dyeing, bleaching, or heat treatment. Imitation turquoise refers to materials like dyed howlite or magnesite sold as turquoise.
3. How can I care for turquoise jewelry properly?
Avoid harsh chemicals, store turquoise in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight, and clean it regularly with a soft, damp cloth. Avoid using harsh detergents or ultrasonic cleaners.
